The jar full of quarters. Amounts refer to quantity.

10

2n + 2 = 22 => 2n = 20 => n = 20 / 2 => n = 10

Four (4 letters long).

Just one. The 7 other girls were walking in the opposite direction, so they were heading away from the plane.

Thirty-Four. Didn't ask to say it in Chinese.

60

2x + 5 = 125 => x = (125 - 5) / 2 => x = 60

50 percent.

They are born in different places, in different time zones.

Make apple sauce

Name.

Address.

Shadow.